The development of measures for the protection of river water contributes to the conservation of renewable water resources. As part of the environmental complex of measures, the activities of public organizations established to improve the environmental situation in the regions are regulated. They are also interested in protection of river waters from pollution, they carry out actions on collection and disposal of garbage in the coastal areas visited by local residents. They clean the bottom in the bathing areas.
Measures to prevent the shallowing of water bodies are aimed at preserving green areas and preventing forest fires. Water bodies are part of a single ecosystem. The population of waterfowl and near-water birds and their nesting conditions are preserved. Preservation of fauna and flora in the adjacent territory is provided for. Surface water pollution standards determine the concentration of pollution at which the water system can recover.
Protection of surface water from pollution
The treatment of wastewater will help to reduce the polluting load on the water body. Measures to protect water from pollution include:
- construction of new treatment facilities;
- introducing technologies to restore the original properties and clean the liquid from mechanical and chemical impurities;
- collection of garbage from water bodies.
Modern methods of wastewater treatment help reduce the contamination of organic components by 85%. Coagulants are used to remove organic pollutants from the surface. They absorb oil film, oil products. Biological treatment of water bodies is carried out in order to restore the natural environment.
Wastewater treatment in areas with the system of forced irrigation saves water resources, their withdrawal is reduced. The volume of chemical pesticides is reduced, for the protection of plants biopreparations that do not have a detrimental effect on the ecosystem are used. Charges for the use of water bodies are set to finance environmental protection measures.
Protection of groundwater from pollution
In recent years, the number of wells has increased. Groundwater sources are actively used.
Protection of inland waters of Russia is aimed at protection of underground sources, they are also included in the list of water bodies. Pollution occurs:
- During water abstraction;
- during the development of wells;
- from ingress of pollutants from underground industrial, agricultural and domestic effluents;
- technogenic contamination (breakthrough of pipelines transporting aggressive or toxic components).
Bacterial contamination is especially dangerous. Microorganisms enter from fields, landfills. Protection of groundwater from depletion and pollution is regulated by law.
